The Boyarina
The Boyarina c1885 by Russian Painter Konstantin Makovsky (1839 - 1915); ag speisialú i bpictiúir Stairiúla na Rúise a thaispeánann radharc idéalach ar shaol na Rúise sna céadta bliain a chuaigh thart.
This is a portrait of beautiful young lady of the Boyar class in Russia, that was part of the Russian Nobility ; just below that of a Prince; which was abolished by Peter The Great when he took power in 1697 and began to make reforms to the Russian system of governance.
She is sitting in an arm chair wearing a floral red blouse with white sleeves and white embroidery down the center; along with a large silver braided neck piece and necklace and a matching large silver headpiece.
She is also wearing a silver ring with a white pearl on her left hand; and is partially covered with a brown fur coat.
She has a solemn look on her face as light streaming illuminates her face and body through a window.
This is a retouched digital art reproduction of a public domain image that is available for purchase as a priontáil chanbhás ar líne.
Faisnéis Thíos Díorthaithe ó Wikipedia.org
Bhí Konstantin Makovsky ina phéintéir Rúiseach a raibh tionchar aige, affiliated with the “Peredvizhniki (Fánaithe)”. Go leor dá phictiúir stairiúla, ar nós Faoi bhun na Corónach (1889) also known as The Russian Bride’s Attire and Before the Wedding, léirigh radharc idéalach ar shaol na Rúise na gcéadta bliain roimhe sin. Is minic a mheastar é mar ionadaí d’ealaín Acadúil.
Rugadh Konstantin Makovsky i Moscó. Ba é a athair an figiúr ealaíne Rúiseach agus péintéir amaitéarach, Yegor Ivanovich Makovsky. Cumadóir ab ea a mháthair, agus bhí súil aici go leanfadh a mac lá amháin ina cois. Chuaigh a dheartháireacha níos óige Vladimir agus Nikolay agus a dheirfiúr Alexandra ar aghaidh chun bheith ina bpéintéirí freisin.
I 1851 Chuaigh Makovsky isteach i Scoil Péinteála Moscó, Dealbhóireacht agus Ailtireacht áit a raibh sé ar an mac léinn ab fhearr, na dámhachtainí uile atá ar fáil a fháil go héasca. Ba iad a mhúinteoirí Karl Bryullov agus Vasily Tropinin. Is féidir claontaí Makovsky ar an Rómánsachas agus éifeachtaí maisiúla a mhíniú trí thionchar Bryullov.
Cé gurbh í an ealaín a paisean, rinne sé machnamh freisin ar a raibh a mháthair ag iarraidh air a dhéanamh. D'imigh sé ar lorg cumadóirí a bhféadfadh sé tagairt a dhéanamh dóibh, agus chuaigh sé chun na Fraince ar dtús. Roimh, bhí grá riamh aige don cheol clasaiceach, agus d’éist sé le go leor píosaí. Ba mhinic a theastaigh uaidh go bhféadfadh sé an fonn a athrú, nó stíl cuid acu chun iad a dhéanamh níos taitneamhaí. Níos déanaí ina shaol tháinig sé i gcrích.
I 1858 Chuaigh Makovsky isteach san Acadamh Ealaíon Impiriúil i Saint Petersburg. Ó 1860 ghlac sé páirt i dtaispeántais an Acadaimh le pictiúir mar Curing of the Blind (1860) Maraíonn Gníomhairí an False Dmitry mac Boris Godunov (1862). I 1863 Makovsky and thirteen other students held a protest against the Academy’s setting of topics from Scandinavian mythology in the competition for the Large Gold Medal of Academia; all left the academy without a formal diploma.
Makovsky became a member of a co-operative (artel) of artists led by Ivan Kramskoi, typically producing Wanderers paintings on everyday life (Widow 1865, Herring-seller 1867, srl.). Ó 1870 he was a founding member of the Society for Traveling Art Exhibitions and continued to work on paintings devoted to everyday life. He exhibited his works at both the Academia exhibitions and the Traveling Art Exhibitions of the Wanderers.
A significant change in his style occurred after traveling to Egypt and Serbia in the mid-1870s. His interests changed from social and psychological problems to the artistic problems of colors and shape.
In the 1880s he became a fashionable author of portraits and historical paintings. At the World’s Fair of 1889 in Paris he received the Large Gold Medal for his paintings Death of Ivan the Terrible, The Judgement of Paris, and Demon and Tamara. He was one of the most highly appreciated and highly paid Russian artists of the time. Many democratic critics considered him as a renegade of the Wanderers’ ideals, producing (like Henryk Siemiradzki) striking but shallow works,[2] while others see him as a forerunner of Russian Impressionism.
Makovsky was killed in 1915 when his horse-drawn carriage was hit by an electric tram in Saint Petersburg.